References
- ^ [http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/ba00000_.html Article 2(The official language is Arabic. )]
- ^ CIA World Factbook, "Bahrain" [1]
- ^ " Bahrain ." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 16 2008 [2]
- ^ " Bahrain ." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 16 2008 [3]
- ^ http://www.countryreports.org/Bahrain.aspx
- ^ a b c d "Bahrain". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=419&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=50&pr.y=10. Retrieved on 2009-04-22.
- ^ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ba.html#People
- ^ History of Bahrain History of Nations website
- ^ Security and Territoriality in the Persian Gulf: A Maritime Political Geography By Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh, page 119
- ^ Bahrain By Federal Research Division, page 7
- ^ Robert G. Hoyland, Arabia and the Arabs: From the Bronze Age to the Coming of Islam, Routledge 2001, p. 28
- ^ Conflict and Cooperation: Zoroastrian Subalterns and Muslim Elites in ... By Jamsheed K. Choksy, 1997, page 75
- ^ Yoma 77a and Rosh Hashbanah, 23a
- ^ Curtis E. Larsen. Life and Land Use on the Bahrain Islands: The Geoarchaeology of an Ancient Society University Of Chicago Press, 1984
- ^ Cyril Glasse, New Encyclopedia of Islam, p. 245. Rowman Altamira, 2001. ISBN 0759101906
- ^ "Qarmatiyyah". Overview of World Religions. St. Martin's College. http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/encyclopedia/islam/shia/qarma.html. Retrieved on 2007-05-04.
- ^ "Black Stone of Mecca." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 25 June 2007 <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9015514>.
- ^ Juan Cole, Sacred Space and Holy War, IB Tauris, 2007
- ^ Smith, G.R. "Uyūnids." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 16 March 2008 [4]
- ^ Rentz, G. "al- Baḥrayn." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 15 March 2008 [5]
- ^ Juan R. I. Cole, "Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Eastern Arabia, 1300-1800", International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 19, No. 2. (May, 1987), pp. 177-203, at p. 179, through JSTOR. [6]
- ^ Rentz, G. "al- Baḥrayn."
- ^ a b Rentz, "al- Baḥrayn."
- ^ Juan R. I. Cole, "Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Eastern Arabia, 1300-1800", p. 186, through JSTOR. [7]
- ^ Juan R. I. Cole, "Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Eastern Arabia, 1300-1800", p. 187
- ^ X. De Planhol, "Bahrain", Encyclopedia Iranica (online version) [8]
- ^ X. De Planhol
- ^ Juan R. I. Cole, "Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Eastern Arabia, 1300-1800", p. 194
- ^ J. A. Kechichian, "Bahrain", Encyclopedia Iranica (online version) [9]
- ^ Ownership's Document of a Palm Garden in Island of Sitra, Bahrain belonging to Shaikh Salama Bin Saif in which the owner carries the Al-Utbi last name dated 1699 - 1111 Hijri, http://www.albdoo.info/imgcache2008/3af882fe7cb2511eb935435895e1a566.gif, also Ownership's Document of a Palm Garden in Island of Nabih Saleh, Bahrain belonging to Shaikh Mohamed Bin Derbas in which the owner carries the Al-Utbi last name dated 1804 - 1219 Hijri, http://www.albdoo.info/imgcache2008/641cb18bbd2aae86c67ac578e2c1670a.jpg, also in the Precis Of Turkish Expansion On The Arab Littoral Of The Persian Gulf And Hasa And Katif Affairs. By J. A. Saldana; 1904, I.o. R R/15/1/724, assertion by British Foreign Secretary Of State in 1871 that Isa Bin Tarif belongs to the Original Uttoobee's who conquered Bahrain, which means that he differentiate's the Original Uttoobee's who's desendants are the Al Bin Ali since they are the oldest and only tribe who officially carried the Al-Utbi last name in their ownership's documents, from the Utubi's who entered under its umbrella such as the Al-Khalifa and Al-Sabah and other families
- ^ the Precis Of Turkish Expansion On The Arab Littoral Of The Persian Gulf And Hasa And Katif Affairs. By J. A. Saldana; 1904, I.o. R R/15/1/724
- ^ Around the Coast, Amin Reehani, p297
- ^ Arabia's Frontiers: The Story of Britain's Boundary Drawing in the Desert, John C. Wilkinson, p44
- ^ Arabia's Frontiers: The Story of Britain's Boundary Drawing in the Desert, John C. Wilkinson, p44
- ^ The Origins of Kuwait, B.J. Slot, p110
- ^ Ownership's Document of a Palm Garden in Island of Sitra, Bahrain belonging to Shaikh Salama Bin Saif Al Utbi dated 1699 - 1111 Hijri, http://www.albdoo.info/imgcache2008/3af882fe7cb2511eb935435895e1a566.gif
- ^ Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman, and Central Arabia, Geographical, Volume 1, 1905
- ^ Picture of the Al Sulami Flag in the "Ardha of War" which was celebrated in Eid Al Fitr in Muharraq 1956 which was attended by Shaikh Salman Bin Hamad Al-Khalifa, ex Ruler of Bahrain, http://www.albdoo.info/imgcache2008/4ab9efef269d2d54873df27f7495a456.jpg
- ^ Arabian Studies By R.B. Serjeant, R.L. Bidwell, p67
- ^ Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman, and Central Arabia, John Gordon Lorimer, Volume 1 Historical, Part 1, p1000, 1905
- ^ James Onley, The Politics of Protection in the Persian Gulf: The Arab Rulers and the British Resident in the Nineteenth Century, Exeter University, 2004 p44
- ^ Arabian Studies By R.B. Serjeant, R.L. Bidwell, p67
- ^ Nelida Fuccaro, Persians and the space in the city in Bahrain 1869-1937, in Transnational Connections and the Arab Persian Gulf by Madawi Al-Rasheed Routledge 2005 p41
- ^ James Onley, The Politics of Protection in the Persian Gulf: The Arab Rulers and the British Resident in the Nineteenth Century, Exeter University, 2004
- ^ Larsen, p72
- ^ James Olney, Chapter Transnational merchants in the nineteenth-century Gulf: the case of the Safar family in Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf Ed Madawi Al-Rasheed, Routledge, p59
- ^ Nelida Fuccaro, Persians and the space in the city in Bahrain 1869-1937, in Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf by Madawi Al-Rasheed Routledge 2005 p39
- ^ WG Palgrave, Narrative of a Year’s Journey through Central and Eastern Arabia (1862-3) quoted in Nelida Fuccaro, Persians and the space in the city in Bahrain 1869-1937, in Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf by Madawi Al-Rasheed Routledge 2005 p39
- ^ Jonathan Raban, Arabia through the looking glass, William Collins & Sons, 1979, p56
- ^ Nelida Fuccaro, Persians and the space in the city in Bahrain 1869-1937, in Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf by Madawi Al-Rasheed Routledge 2005 p47
- ^ James Olney, Transnational merchants in the nineteenth-century Gulf: the case of the Safar family in Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf Ed Madawi Al-Rasheed, Routledge, p71-2
- ^ James Olney, Chapter Transnational merchants in the nineteenth-century Gulf: the case of the Safar family in Transnational Connections and the Arab Gulf Ed Madawi Al-Rasheed, Routledge, p78
- ^ Belgrave of Bahrain: The Life of Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Emirates Natural History Group, 2007
- ^ The Uncontrollable Genie Time Magazine, 27 August 1956
- ^ a b [ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/817505.stm Bahrain Timeline] BBC
- ^ Bahrain Profile National Post 7 April 2007
- ^ Stay just over the horizon this time, Time Magazine, 25 October 1982
- ^ Rebellion in Bahrain, Middle East Review of International Affairs, March 1999
- ^ Bahrain: Promising Human Rights Reforms Must Continue, Amnesty International, 13 March 2001
- ^ Mannequins ban councillor up in arms Gulf Daily News, April 11 2005
- ^ Drying underwear in public 'offensive', Gulf Daily News, 11 March 2005
- ^ The International Convention on Civil and Political Rights Human Rights Web
- ^ Rights push by Bahrain, Gulf Daily News, 14 June 2006
- ^ Councillors 'missing' in Bangkok, Gulf Daily News, 15 March 2006
- ^ Councillors face the music after Bangkok jaunt, Gulf Daily News (via Bahrain.tv) 16 March 2006
- ^ Bahraini woman becomes UN General Assembly president. Zee News. June 8, 2006
- ^ 'UN General Assembly to be headed by its third-ever woman president', United Nations, June 8, 2006
- ^ Bahrain Law on Judicial Authority Published by the Arab Judicial Forum 15-17 September 2003
- ^ Bahrain sets up institute to train judges and prosecutors Gulf News, 15 November 2005
- ^ Forum for the Future Factsheet US State Department, 2005
- ^ Voices in Parliament, Debates in Majalis, Banners on the Street: Avenues of Political Participation in Bahrain, Katja Niethammar, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute, 2006
- ^ Bahrain ministries' probe to continue Gulf News, 25 September 2007
- ^ Bahrain expected to bustle Arabian Business, 1 February 2007
- ^ Bahrain Index of Economic Freedom, Heritage Foundation
- ^ Hedge Funds Review 18 March 2008
- ^ Gulf Daily News 18 March 2008
- ^ http://www.arabianbusiness.com/517455-bahrain-calling
- ^ http://www.gulf-daily-news.com/Story.asp?Article=225349&Sn=BNEW&IssueID=31137
- ^ http://www.khaleejtimes.com/darticlen.asp?xfile=data/middleeast/2008/August/middleeast_August80.xml§ion=middleeast&col=
- ^ Minister lashes out at parties opposed to unemployment benefit scheme Gulf News, 22 June 2007
- ^ CIA World Factbook - Bahrain, CIA, 2005
- ^ http://www.bahrainweather.com/BahClimatelog.aspx
- ^ Bahrain's crown prince to visit India Overseas Indian, 8 March 2007
- ^ Bahrain Country Profile FCO
- ^ «البونيان» تاريخ طويل يمتد في وسط المنامة باسم «ليتل إنديا», Alwasat Newspaper
- ^ Rentz, "al- Baḥrayn.": "A good number of the Sunnīs of Baḥrayn are Arabs or the descendants of Arabs onze resident on the Persian coast; such are known as Huwala."
- ^ Rentz, G. "al- Kawāsim." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. 15 March 2008 [10]
- ^ Scholarly 'lacking sexual awareness' Gulf Daily News, 22 January 2006
- ^ Gulf Daily News
- ^ Bahrain tops publishing sector among Arab states Gulf News, 4 January 2006
- ^ Jackson settles down to his new life in the Gulf Gulf News, 23 January 2006
- ^ Bahrain International Circuit
- ^ United States Navy Central Command web site
- ^ Bahrain, Destination Guide Lonely Planet
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